Abstract: The paper aims to explore the relationships between political ideology and spatial organization. Along this purpose, the changes in the politics and associated occurrences both in meanings of built forms and spaces are of prime interest. Therefore, the paper addresses the issue of aestheticisation of power through architecture with specific reference to the case of Moscow and the shift that occurred from the 1917 revolution to 1935 plan. It elucidates the process of political change and the series of events that prepared this transformation to be able to analyze how the cultural program achieved its goals of transforming the whole society and its perception about the political meanings through means of urban monumentalizm. For this aim, starting with the idiosyncrasies of Russian art and architecture in Moscow, the plausible roots of aesthetics of powers inherent in the traditional arts of Russia are investigated. Then, the philosophy behind the October Revolution is reviewed from the perspective of the relation between space and politics. Following an overview of its impacts on both architecture and urbanism, the paper argues on the possibility of a hidden globalist agenda behind post-revolution artistic policies that might have paved the foundations of the radical shift that occurred in 1930s. Under the light cast by these discussions, it analyzes the urban characteristics of 1935 Moscow Plan and architectural characteristics of the Palace of Soviets are put forward.

Abstract: The changing of climate in Indonesia gives fluctuation of water content in its result rain, evaporation and evapo-transpiration. As a result, the water content change, the expansive soil will volume change and suction. The expansive soil will volumetric swelling upon wetting and shrinngking to drying. This behavior can damage on construction structures, particularly, light building and road. The phenomenom is very interesting to be researched, how far the effect of water content change and variation suction toward the behavior volumetric swelling expansive soil. The material expansive soil of selected from Soko Ngawi region East Java Privince. The research of swelling is done using remolded sample under a thin unconfined lateral condition with diameter 6.35 cm and high 1.50 cm, with initial water content 10% and dry density 1.26 g/cm3 with modification Oedometer tools. The water content change measured with gypsum block and suction with filter paper Whatman No. 42. The results of research indicate, the water change has linear relation wuth swelling deformation, while the suction has contrary to with swelling deformation.

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Abstract: A lot of rubber is produced worldwide. For example, 3.6 million tons rubber is produced annually only in US. It is not possible to discharge the rubbers in the environment because they decompose very slowly and cause lots of pollution. So, it is necessary to have a relevant use of these wastages. These waste materials can be used to improve some mechanical properties of concrete. Addition of rubber to concrete results in the improvement of some mechanical and dynamical properties, such as more energy adsorption, better ductility, and better crack resistance. In this paper, the 7- day and 28- day compressive strength of concretes containing crumb rubber; silica fume and crumb rubber; Nano silica and crumb rubber; and Nano silica, silica fume and crumb rubber is investigated. For this purpose, 216 concrete specimens were prepared and their compressive strength was investigated

Abstract: This research used an anoxic reactor with modification of activated sludge process i.e contact stabilization process combined with external ultrafiltration membrane (AoMBR) for azo dye biodegradation. The feed consists of Remazol Black V azo dye and a co-substrate of tempe industry wastewater as carbon source. Long term performance of AoMBR in azo dye biodegradation with efforts to mitigate fouling by aeration addition on membrane feed and controlled filtration and backwash time is evaluated. During the experiment, variations of hydraulic retention times for contact tank were tested; 1 ½, 2, 2 ½ and 3 hours for a constant anoxic and stabilization tank HRT of 3 and 4 hours. For long term operation, it was established that a filtration-backwash time of 1 hour – 1 minute and an aeration intensity of 0.7-1 bar were optimum for membrane recovery and stable flux. Part of protein in the EPS of the contact tank seems retained in the membrane, which presumably contributes to membrane fouling.