Abstract: In this research the reinforcement of the resin materials is done with two type's , as powder reinforcement and unidirectional or woven reinforcement fiber to produce an orthotropic hyper composite materials composed of three materials, resin materials and two reinforcement fibers (powder and unidirectional or woven fiber). The composite structure is studied to estimate the natural frequency and mode shape. The effect of volume fraction of powder reinforcement and the direction of woven reinforcement fiber on the natural frequency of hyper orthotropic composite plate with different aspect ratios of plate supported as simply supported plate were studied. The methods used to evaluate the natural frequency of composite plate are theoretical method and numerical method. The theoretical method includes the solution of the general equation of motion of orthotropic composite plate. The numerical study includes the estimation of the natural frequency of the plate using finite element method by Ansys program Ver. 14. The results got by theoretical and numerical studies are the natural frequency of orthotropic hyper composite simply supported plate with various volume fractions of reinforcement powder and unidirectional or woven fiber. Also, a comparison is made between the results of theoretical solution of general equation of motion of plate and numerical solution by ANSYS. The maximum discrepancy was about (3.2 %).

Abstract: This research describes the performance data of the aluminum automobile wheel manufactured by wheel flow forming machine. The performance is examined after designing and operating the CNC controller which is customized for the wheel flow-forming machine. In general, the existing wheel flow-forming machine simultaneously controls the 3 rollers and axis, which results in the degradation of the quality of the product due to syncing to the slowest one and slowing down in its processing speed. In order to solve this problem, multi-channel CNC controller has been developed and is able to independently control each individual roller and axis in short cycles. In order to practice the multi-channel CNC, the mutual communication of the fundamental structure of the CNC controller utilizes sync signal and each thread is applied with the sharing memory data sync method through the EtherCAT communication. When producing wheel forming by utilizing the customized CNC controller, it has been found that there had been a great improvement in processing time (productivity) and degree of precision, in comparison to the existing wheel flow-forming machine.

Abstract: An experimental investigation is carried out to study the effects of nano?uid and mass of non-condensable gas on the thermal performance of variable conductance heat pipe by testing circular screen mesh wick heat pipe. The nanofluid used is water-based CuO-nano?uid with the volume fraction of 1, 3 and 5 Vol.%. The performance of the heat pipe is investigated at three different amounts of both heat input and mass of non-condensable gas (air). The wall temperatures distribution along the heat pipe using the water-based CuO nano?uid is lower than that of the heat pipe using DI water. Additionally, it increases with the increase of mass of non-condensable gas. The overall thermal resistance of the heat pipe using the water-based CuO nano?uid is lower than that of the heat pipe using DI water. Also, it decreases with the increasing of heat input and increases with the increasing of mass of non-condensable gas. The condenser inactive length increases with the increasing of mass of non-condensable gas and decreases with the increasing of nanoparticles concentration within the working fluid. The thermal resistance improvement of the heat pipe using the water-based CuO-nano?uid with the volume fraction of 5 Vol.% reaches 9.5% at coolant temperature of 18.3 oC and mass of non-condensable gas of 0.5mg.

Abstract: Process measurement and control systems are used in many industrial sectors in order to achieve production improvement, process optimization and accuracy of measurements. In this paper we propose an innovative and tested system that monitors and controls the quality of surface, underground and sea waters. Developed under the use of PLC and SCADA technologies, it is an advanced way to provide prompt and reliable information and an essential instrument for public services, local government organizations, scientific bodies and private companies that manage, control and/or utilize any form of water resources, such as lakes and catchments areas, rivers or torrents, sea and underground waters. The system monitors environmental, hydrological and meteorological conditions in real time with a wireless communication system for instant update and prompt forecast. Consists of a local monitoring station that reside in specific point of interest, which host several sensors for measuring water quality and meteorological parameters, and a data collection central station that collects sensor measurements, stores them persistently, enables users to visualize them, and finally, set and receive alarms when certain measurements exceed some predefined limits. The system is the core of an intelligent system for monitoring and predicting the quality of waters that will be used by the authorities for protecting public health against water pollution.

Abstract: This work examines the biogas yield and methane production was performed using swine manure. The anaerobic digestion process was conducted in floating drum type bio-digester with capacity of 1m3 made of fiber material. The co-digestion of cow dung+swine manure in the ratio of 1: 2 waste/water as 30: 60 and waste by volume as 70: 30 was added in the bio-digester. The main purpose of the research is to measure the biogas production and methane in mesosphilic and Thermophilic conditions. These results indicated that biogas yield 420 Liters and 460 Liters in mesosphilic and thermophilic conditions respectively. The maximum biogas production reported as 30min in thermophilic condition using inflammable time. Here thermophilic anaerobic digestion having high methane production. It’s found 62.8% and mesosphilic condition for 59% then pH value also higher for thermophilic condition. The biogas yield and methane is peak and quick at shorter retention time in thermophilic temperature 56°c.

Abstract: Hot corrosion is serious problems in aircraft, marine, industrial, and land-base gas turbines. It is because of the usage of wide range of fuels coupled with increased operating temperatures, which leads to the degradation of turbine engines. Hot corrosion studies were conducted on both coated and uncoated specimen in air and salt (Na2SO4–60% V2O5) at 900°C under cyclic conditions for 50 cycles. An each cycle of one hour heating at 900°C followed by 20 minutes of cooling in air.Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia (YSZ) coatings were deposited on T-92 boiler steel weldments. The present paper describes fuzzy logic simulation of an experimental study on thebehavior of hot corrosion in molten salt (Na2SO4–60% V2O5) of steel-T92 coated Yttria-Stabilised Zirconia. This YSZ coatings increase the resistance to corrosion substantially which can be attributed to formation of zirconium oxides (ZrO2) and yttrium oxide (Y2O3). This coating was more significant in salt environment and there is an additional phase of ZrS. The parabolic rate constants (Kp) calculated showthat the corrosion rate is minimum at 8000C compared to other temperatures. Theexperimental results, the fuzzy logic model, and the statistical results showed goodcorrelations.The fuzzy logicmodels are developed using Matlab toolbox functions.

Abstract: The principal aim of this paper is to Determine the reasons for the low reliability of the user system in thermal central of Skikda –Algeria- that led to problems in the work of drilling machines which depends largely on electrical power. the first cause of the poor reliability of the system studied in Skikda is the aging of equipment, as it depends on the working conditions and the technical competence of intervention teams. The importance of this research is to prove that the aging of equipment is the first cause of poor reliability of the system studied in Skikda central and thus address the problem.

Abstract: Flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) are advanced and highly integrated manufacturing systems consisting of robots, machining cells, and automated guided vehicles (AGVs) that function under the hierarchical control of computers. The relations between its components are very complex. Scheduling in FMS is an intricate phenomenon owing to the large variability in the operating parameters. Scheduling problems for general cases are characterized as NP hard and the computation time required to obtain the optimal schedule will grow exponentially with the problem size. Petri nets (PNs) have recently emerged as a promising approach for measuring and analyzing the performance of FMSs. PNs are formal graphical modeling tool that can be utilized efficiently as a modeling and analysis tool. PN can also dynamically simulate and graphically represent a process in an integrated manner. This paper addresses merging of PNs with dispatching rules for measuring the performance of FMSs. Also the system has been modeled in MAT lab integrated Petri net2.3 software and the traditional dispatching rules were also used for the purpose of comparison and verification of the simulation results. Benchmark case studies are chosen and the results show that the PN integrated with dispatching rules provides enhanced result when compared to other two techniques.

Abstract: An attempt was made in prepaing model to predict cutting temperature and surface finish in turning process. Due to increase in the productivity the condition of tool and quality of the product matters. In connection to this the there are many factors influencing for the cause of forces and raise in temperature apart from the various process parameters Cutting Speed, Feed Rate and Depth of Cut are considered which mainly focuses in the response of temperature and surface roughness. A device for measuring Tool Tip Temperature was modelled and designed for application to a lathe turning process. The cutting temperature is estimated through e.m.f. measurements obtained by using a standard thermocouple embedded in the tool holder. Surface roughness measured here in terms of roughness average (Ra). The study is done by on a matrix generated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) on minitab15 software for Aluminium alloy (Al6063). The objective is to minimize the cutting temperature and surface roughness subject to constraints on tool decay related to temperature dependent wear mechanisms.

Abstract: Spot welding of sheet metal is essential in various manufacturing sectors such as automobile, ship building, aerospace, construction, refrigeration and air-condition. In this paper the impact of sheet metal thickness and spot weld diameter on the fatigue life of sheet metals is discussed. Three different sheet thicknesses (1.5mm, 2 mm and 3 mm) and two different spot diameters (2.5 mm and 5 mm) were selected for the study. The loads given during fatigue analysis were 35, 40, 50, 70, 100 N respectively. Pro-E was used for designing the specimen and Ansys was used for analysis of fatigue life. Finite Element Analysis was used for the study to determine the relationship between fatigue life on spot weld diameter and thickness of the sheet metal is discussed. It was found that for higher number of sheet thickness and spot diameters respectively and respectively lower load, the number of cycles taken for the specimen to rupture was greater. In this case were 9.00E+06.

Abstract: In this work, the effect of cooling rate on the spatial variation in microstructure of hypo-eutectic Al-Si (A380) alloy casting is investigated systematically. The melt is solidified with two different cooling conditions viz. conventional air-cooling and water-cooling. The heat flux through the mold wall is considered as a critical parameter to assess the cooling rate of the castings. The structural morphology of castings is characterized using Inverted Trinocular Metallurgical Optical Microscope. Microstructural examination reveals that both eutectic silicon and CuAl2 particles of the water-cooled (high cooling rate) casting are found to be well refined, and the size of those particles appear almost uniform throughout the casting along the longitudinal direction as compared to air-cooled counterpart.

Abstract: This paper presents the tribology issue regarding the chip formation in machining medium carbon steel (S45C) using coated and uncoated carbide tool. The machining parameters under investigation were cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut under dry cutting condition using coated and uncoated carbide tools. The chip shape was largely depends on the combination of machining parameters especially at high depth of cut, the favorable chips was produced. Smaller value of coefficient of friction indicates that the shear angle is larger which results in smaller shear plane area that provides benefits of lower cutting force needed to shear off the chips and lower cutting temperature being generated during the machining process.

Abstract: Conventional PID controller is a simplest known controller used in almost all process Industries for controlling the process parameters at desired set value. As the dynamics of a coupled interacting spherical tank process is highly nonlinear, it exhibits non linear behavior and time delays between the inputs and outputs, The ZN tuned PID controller parameters does not cope with all operating points as it exhibits different non linear characteristics. The aim of this paper is that real time implementation of Gain scheduled PID controller to enhance the performance of the conventional PID controller of a nonlinear coupled interacting spherical tank process. A gain scheduler which fine tunes and schedules the controller parameters based on the instantaneous value of the process variable so as cope up with all operating points. The controller performance of the ZN tuned PID controller and gain scheduled PID controller are compared in terms of time domain specification as well as performance indices. Better enhanced controller performance was obtained for a Gain scheduled PID controller than that of ZN tuned PID controller at all operating points. The real time implementation is done on a coupled spherical tank setup in LabVIEW Environment using NI compact -RIO an inbuilt FPGA control hardware.

Abstract: This paper mainly analyses the issues of the temperature distributions of the headstock assembly of a CNC lathe incorporating contact behavior. The thermal deformation is due to the heat generation in the bearings, chucking cylinder and motor. Experiments were carried out on a slant bed 2 axis CNC lathe for a period of 14 hours under a specified load cycle. Since heat generated in the machine tool cannot be measured, the temperatures at certain points on the machine structure are usually measured and correlated with thermal errors. A finite element model of the headstock assembly of a CNC lathe was developed without much structural simplification to obtain the designed accuracy of the simulation results. The effect of individual heat generation elements over the machine structure is studied and analyzed. The results show that the simulation results are satisfactory to replace the experimental results for further studies.

Abstract: This analysis study is focused on the numerous aspects of tribological development exploitation sort of experiments approach, results unit analyzed and compared to evaluate the gear performance. although heap of study work had been administered on the hydraulics gear below static plenty, till date no one deem the parameter say quantitative relation of load deflection, critical damping and conjointly the uniform pressure distribution at various crank angle below dynamic load conditions and its effects on inertia forces of gear pump. It covers bowed load, journal speed, face breadth and mass rate with connectedness variations in oil film thickness. Frictional check rig was accustomed live the resistance force associated oil film thickness at various crank Associate in Nursinggles for every three minutes at an interval of every fifteen degree crank angle. The response surface methodology (RSM) analysis shows appreciable can increase in respect of performances in mass rate, face width, speed and loading against the Taguchi sort of experiment results whereas the film thickness is form of same in every RSM and Taguchi sort of experiment results. Specific attention is given throughout this analysis sweat to search out but the variation in gear dimensions influences the characteristics of the hydraulics gear pump.

Abstract: The dynamic cellular manufacturing surroundings are projected changes of demand or production process for several time periods. Hence workers have a important role in performing the jobs on the machines, assignment of workers to cells become a major factor for complete utilization of cellular manufacturing systems. The objective is to minimize back order cost and holding cost compared through bench mark problem available in the literature. Most real world cellular manufacturing problems are NP-hard in nature. The vital complexity of the problem necessitates the make use of meta-heuristics for solving dynamic cellular manufacturing problems. In this paper addresses design of dynamic cellular manufacturing system using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Computational result shows that the PSO produces optimal results than GA algorithm for the cellular manufacturing in a dynamic environment.

Abstract: The aim of this study is to find the optimal geometric parameters of the wedge disc brake performance using experimental and statistical studies. A standard response surface methodology called central composite design is applied to study four geometric parameters each with three levels. A total of thirty experimental tests are run using the brake dynamometer to evaluate the main and interaction effect of these variables namely; number of rotor holes, number of friction material slots, friction material length and friction material thickness. The variability in dependent variables is explained by coefficient of determination. The model equation is used to predict the optimum value and subsequently to clarify the interaction between the parameters within the specified range. The experimental results indicate that the proposed mathematical model successfully describes the performance of adaptive wedge brakes within the limits of the geometric parameters that are being investigated.