Abstract: In this paper, a two-phase algorithm was developed for the cutting sequencing problems in a modular manufacturing system. This system has a level of flexibility that depends on the cutting phase of raw material. This paper focuses primarily on the work station. In the first phase of the algorithm, an integer linear programming model is used to determine the number of hardboards that will be cut. The model was tested with two different objective functions which are to minimize waste and to minimize the number of hardboards used. In the second phase, a heuristic scheduling was developed to determine the pattern of cutting, by considering the due date and the number of customer demand. This algorithm is further implemented in a furniture manufacturer that operates using the make-to-order basis.

Abstract: There has been proposed method for recognition of images of flat regular figures using their resolution from the internal spot of scanning. new forms of images representation are considered. An algorithm on search of optimal scanning center hasbeen proponed. A structure of images recognition device has been developed.

Abstract: The inductor-less designing of monolithic tunable active dual-band bandpass filter is presented in this study. Biasing voltages signify main role. They can control the center frequency and quality factor. Using four biasing voltages and cascading two similar filters leads to dual-band bandpass filter. By keeping the gain constant, the center frequency shift is 200 MHz. Regardless constant gain, quality factor can range from 60 to 180 at the center frequency. The proposed filter is designed using MMIC technology with the center frequency of 2GHz and the power consumption of 240 mW.

Abstract: In this paper,The peristaltic flow of micropolar fluid in a flexible tube with viscoelastic is studied under effect of magnetic field and rotation. The Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the governing equations of motion resulting from a perturbation technique for small values of amplitude ratio. The time mean axial velocity profiles are presented for the case of free pumping and analyzed to observe the influence of rotation and magnetic field for various values of radial r and wave numbe. The numerical results of the time mean velocity profile are discussed in detail for homogeneous fluid under effect ofmagnetic field and rotation for different cases by figures. The results indicate that the effect of rotation and magnetic field are very pronounced. Numerical results are given and illustrated graphically.

Abstract: PERT/CPM are two traditional closely related operations research techniques, PERT (program evaluation and review technique) and CPM (critical path method), are available to assist the maintenance project manager in carrying out their responsibilities. Among their responsibility is scheduling of a large number of activities during shutdown and overhauling, since shutdown and overhauling provide unique opportunities to a maintenance department not normally available during standard operation and relatively during a short periods of time. Moreover, the best way to guarantee success of any type of maintenance project is to have a strong, experienced project manager and strong, experienced business analyst. While dealing with maintenance projects, these two individuals, working together from the beginning of the project, set the stage for success by accurately planning and clearly defining the expected outcomes. To be on time, it is required to complete the maintenance project within the predetermined deadline to keep cost at lowest possible level by a reliable technique than to rely on a trial and error approach. The deadline to be achieved, some projects require to minimize their completion time by crashing their critical activities. This would direct managers to encounter a decision situation about which activities of the project will be crashed to minimize the total cost of crashing project, since crashing a project represents additional costs, crashing decisions need to be made in a cost-effective way. This paper mainly provides a framework for crashing total maintenance project time at the least total cost by using Linear Programming (LP) technique. A prototype example of replacing an existing boiler with an energy efficient boiler was used to show how this technique is used for strategic decision making and assisting managers dealing with crashing maintenance projects activities.

Abstract: In this paper, we propose a new hybrid routing protocol for MANET called Location Aided Hybrid Routing Protocol for MANET (LAHRP). The proposed routing algorithm not only aims to optimize bandwidth usage of MANETs by reducing the routing overload but also extend battery life of the mobile devices by reducing the required number of operations for route determination. Although in the LAHRP, some features of both table- driven and on-demand algorithms were used to achieve these goals at some stages, LAHRP algorithm is a completely different approach in terms of position information usage and GPS. Simulation results are used to draw conclusions regarding to the proposed routing algorithm and compared it with the standard DSR protocol. Conducted experiments showed that our proposed algorithm exhibits superior performance with respect to reactive DSR routing algorithm in terms of normalized routing load, packet delivery ratio and end-to-end packet delay.

Abstract: Like many wireless systems, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) needs proper allocation of limited resources such as total transmit power and available frequency bandwidth among the users to meet their service requirements. In this paper, different versions of two evolutionary approaches, Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) have been applied for adaptive sub–carrier and bit allocations to minimize the overall transmit power of a multi– user OFDM system. Each user will be assigned a number of sub–carriers with at least one minimum sub–carrier even at the worst case. Then the number of bits and the transmit power level for each user are calculated to obtain the optimum requirements. Simulation results show that both the approaches outperform the conventional static and many other dynamic resource allocation schemes in multi–user scenario. The results also reveal that the employed two different schemes of DE show better performances than the original and modified versions of PSO.

Abstract: This article is devoted to determine effectiveness of water clarifier with use of micro-sand. Efficiency of coagulation with application of aluminium sulphate and flocculants is experimentally detected. Presented the results of test of clarifier with micro-sand and given conclusion on these results.

Abstract: In this work, we study a class of polynomial order-even barrier functions for solving linear programming problems with the essential property that each member is concave polynomial order-even when viewed as a function of the multiplier. Under certain assumption on the parameters of the barrier function, we give a rule for choosing the parameters of the barrier function. We also give an algorithm for solving this problem.

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to understand current variable that significant as barriers of adoption both non electronic and electronic bidet toilet seats in Indonesian middle economic income household. Eleven barriers of adoption and open question were tested with demographic variables in Jakarta middle economic income households. The variables measured are tradition norms, existing usage pattern, physical risk, economic risk, functional risk, infrastructure risk, invisibility risk, bathroom design risk, information access, priority need barrier and climate related features. The descriptive mean,correlation and qualitative approach were use to understand thebarrier factors related with adoption the product. The results showed that priority need barrier, information access and existing usage pattern are the main barriers to adopt the products. Using random sample in Jakarta urban households, this study offers a deeper understanding of barrier adoption innovativehousehold sanitation product.

Abstract: The presence of CO2in biogas does not give to contribute to the colorific or heating value and are often washing out in purification plant in order to obtain a gas with almost 100% (volume/volume) and dangerous effect on environment. Therefore, CO2must be eliminated from the biogas and the corresponding phenomena of mass transfer with chemical reaction of packed column have to be studied. The purpose of this research is to analyze theoretically mass transfer phenomena of CO2chemical absorption in biogas using aqueous NaOH. 1M in packed column and to support procurement of energy alternative in Indonesia This study assumed studied state and isothermalcondition. The system studied consists of packed column 10 cm in diameter filled with 1 cm in diameter ball to the height of 80 cm. The gas flow rate was held constant at F = 600 ml/s, liquid flow rate (L) was 50 cm 3 /s, pressure (P) was varied from: 350 to 700 mm H2O, and the concentration of aqueous NaOH 1M in let absorbent was held constant. The results showed that the percentage of absorbed CO2can be enhanced by in creasing pressure. Using column with packing height of 100 cm. gas flow rate of 600 l/s, using absorbeut containing NaOH 1 M with flow rate: 600 ml/s and at pressure of 350 mm H2O and temperature of 30 °c, the percentage recovery of CO2reacked the valued of above: 80%

Abstract: The influence of microwave frequencies at high temperature on the structural properties of Boron Nitride (BN) powder had been investigated. Crystallite size, microstrain and the graphitization index (G.I.) were determined before and after the microwave measurements. The x-ray diffraction patterns showed a remarkable increase in both h(002) and h(004) reflections. This means that after the microwaves treatment the preferential orientation factor increased and the powder became more crystallized. This increase in the crystallinity was confirmed by measuring the graphitization index (G.I.), which was found to be decreasing from 1.5 to 1.24, and further established by the small red-shift of the 1363 cm -1 h-BN band in the FTIR spectrum. The SEM micrograph further confirmed this conclusion by showing the grains more closely packed with less porosity.

Abstract: The diffusion rate of stearic acid in the oxygen additive in polyvinyl chloride polymer have been found in this study by combining of the two specimens as polyvinyl chloride film containing the additive, stearic acid and polyvinyl chloride films containing no additives. Those specimens were weighed to find the weight before and after combined. It found that stearic acid additive migrate to film without additive. The migration process occurred having average stearic acid at 0.7921 gr / hr cm 2 in the average concentration of 0.0429 gr / ml. The largest additive diffusion occurred is around 1.3605 gr / hr cm 2 at the greatest concentration on 0.0714 gr / ml.

Abstract: Reactions in liquid phases are sometimes carried out in agitated vessels. Many instances where the rates of conversion are mass transfer dominated are common.  An equation for the mass transfer coefficient across an interface taking into account the features of both the conventional film mass transfer model and the surface renewal model in such systems is presented. The analysis takes into account the eddy diffusivity (De), the equivalent film thickness(e) for mass transfer and the time (te) for surface renewal. It is shown that the mass transfer coefficient could be expressed as a function of two parameters  2 √[ De/pte ] and  a  [ i.e. 2de /√{  De te  }] . The parameters are seen to be functions of equivalent  Higbie’s mass transfer coefficient (kHe) and film mass transfer coefficient (kfe) respectively based on eddy diffusivity. The possible dependence of the above factors on the agitation speed for a system, of given geometry and power input, is analysed. Experimental data obtained by Takahashi [48] for the variation of liquid liquid mass transfer coefficients with agitation speeds in mass transfer dominated reaction system for the extraction of iodine from an iodine-heptane solution by the aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate in a lifter-turbine impeller under turbulent conditions are used in order to investigate the applicability of the model. Data of  Glatzer and Doraiswamy (2001) for the mass transfer rate dominated triphase catalytic esterification processes of  octyl bromide with potassium acetate  and benzyl chloride with sodium acetate using a rotating disk

Abstract: This research aims to investigate whether there is significant difference in students' perceived service quality between ISO 9001 and non-ISO 9001 certified senior high school. This research becomes important because there is no researcher that investigated the matter at Indonesia senior high school context. The research used a quantitative approach. The data was carried out through survey to100 senior high school students that coming from an ISO 9001 and non-ISO 9001 certified senior high school. This research result shows that there is significant difference in students’ perceived quality between ISO 9001 and non-ISO 9001 certified senior high school.

Abstract: Application of congestion pricing in central urban road aims to maximize the efficiency of the urban transport system by discouraging unnecessary private vehicle use and increase the use of public transport.The aim of this research is to develop mode choice model and modeling the effect of congestion pricing on mode choice. Only the mode choice between motorcycles users as a through traffic in Malioboro corridor, Yogyakarta and bus TransJogja are estimated. Mode choice model is developed base on stated preference data. This study shows that travel attributes which influences mode choice between motorcycles and busTransJogja are travel costs, congestion costs, headway, travel time and walking time. Application of congestion pricing as IDR 4000.00 per trip for motorcycles user as a through traffic in Malioboro, Yogyakarta will be shift as 6.848% motorcycle user to bus TransJogja.

Abstract: Nitric oxide is generated byanthropogenic activities such as combustion and is generally regarded as a hazardous pollutant. The present study focuses on the gas-phase oxidation of nitric oxide by ozone under typical diesel exhaust concentrations. Experimental studies were conducted in which a stream of NO was mixed with ozone in a tubular reactor. The rates of NO oxidation were investigated with different operating parameters such as temperature (30°C - 300°C), O3 /NO concentration ratio (0.5-2.0) and reactor contact time (up to 300 s). Optimisation studies using Design of Experiments (DOE) software were conducted to reach the optimal conditions for oxidising NO using ozone. The optimal operating conditions evaluated led to a 97% conversion of nitric oxide of at a temperature of 200 o C with a residence time of 204 s and an O3/NO concentration ratio of 1.5.

Abstract: In this study, the reinforced kenaf fibers using polyester resin composites were processed through vacuum infusion method. Before infusion and reinforced applied, the long kenaf fibers were treated by various concentration of sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The effects of the modification on fiber and also the effect of fiber alkalization on composites then is analyzed for mechanical properties and by using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the alkalization treatment has improved the mechanical properties of the composites as compared to the composites with untreated kenaf fiber. In addition, a general trend of the mechanical performances of alkalized kenaf fiber composites observed showed increase with the increments ofNaOH concentration. In this study, the vacuum infusion method used also offers benefits over hand lay-up method due to the better fiber to resin ratio that resulting in stronger and lighter laminates. By vacuum infusion process, the kenaf-polyester composite manufactured provides an opportunity for replacing the existing materials with a higher strength, low cost alternatives, and environmental friendly.

Abstract: Weld line is always considered as a common issue related with injection molding process and always be the main target by mold designers to avoid it. It is normally impossible to remove it especially when certain parts have a number of holes or there is a material entering into cavity through more than one gate. Therefore many researches and publications were made on this topic purposely to learn the behavior of weld line occurred on molded parts particularly on plastic parts. In this study, a plastic product is decided to be a subject of analysis. The part is a thin plate with two holes and two cavities by using edge gate. Thermoplastic Polycarbonate/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (PC/ABS) is used as a plastic material. Taguchi Method is applied in identifying the optimum value of injection molding parameters and Moldflow Plastic Insight software is used to simulate the injection molding process. The temperature differences on core and cavity plates are considered in simulation and the experimental shows that instead of melting temperature, temperature differences on mold also can help to minimize the length of weld line. This finding is absolutely a good way to minimize lengths of weld lines in a thin plate and also to improve the cosmetic appearance of the plastic parts produced.

Abstract: Monitoring and control of power systems, cooling and environmental parameters in data centers, aim at a central monitoring of all elements of infrastructure, despite the different nature of all data and alarms. The architecture of monitoring and control system is analyzed in this paper taking into account the requirements for a centralized architecture. The bandwidth will be influencedmore by monitoring cameras. The number of monitoring cameras, frame resolution, frame speed transmission and the level of compression, are taken into consideration in calculating the impact of video frames in the bandwidth.

Abstract: Demands for Cotton-knitted garments have beenincreasing steadily since 70s as consumers worldwide recognized their comfort and adaptability for all types of regular, leisure and sportswear. While processing order for the buyer, knit-garment makers generally specify their requirements in terms of grams per square meter (GSM), fabric width and shrinkage (both length and width),based on mostly buyer’s requirements and processing capability; for a finished knitted fabric of a particular shade. The fabric suppliers (particularly the knitters), on their part, have to choose knitting variables like machine gauge (defined by no. of loop-forming needles per unit circumference of the machine), yarn count (ameasure of yarn fineness) & stitch length (lengthof yarn in a loop).The choice of these knitting variables is important in order to meet the quality specification of the buyers. Sometimes the combination of the requirements as demanded on the finished knitted fabric, is quite impossible to achieve. For this reason it is very common for knitted-fabric manufacturers to carry out a fairly large numbers of sample trials when they are required to develop a new product. These trials can consume considerable amount of time and raw materials, and cause considerable disruption to production schedules,before a satisfactory solution is found. Research works have been carried out worldwide for developing a practical system for reliably predicting the shrinkage and dimensional properties of finished Cotton–knitted fabrics. The most recognized effort may be that of IIC (Recent CTI) termed as STARFISH. It is a computer program, and a body of know-how which can demonstrate how to engineer cotton circular knits so that the quality and the performance can be right first and on time. To use STARFISH with the simplest option , the user has to give input variables of machine gauge, yarn count and stitch length mainly as well as specifying a target value of GSM and fabric width or shrinkage. In case of target GSM and fabric width, the STARFISH gives shrinkage as outputs and in case of target shrinkage; the software gives GSM and fabric width as outputs. But as STARFISH outputs represent the results developed from many industrial trials of different countries, the user just getsthe standard average values of GSM, Width and Shrinkage of a particular fabricfrom STARFISH. So to customize this software in a particular factory, the results given by STARFISH has to be calibrated according to the factory results. Though the software provides a self-calibration method which is more experimental, a quick calibration procedure will definitely be more users friendly and support the application of this software more practically in a real factory situation. In this work, first, the relationship between STARFISH inputs (yarn count and stitch length) and outputs (GSM/Width) has been established through a set of multiple linear regression models for each specific machine gauge. The models thusdeveloped have a high degree of correlation ship. Consequently, the regression models can be used as a substitute of STARFISH to predict outputs with a high accuracy under similar environment. Secondly STARFISH predicted results have been compared with recorded results of Beximco Knitting Limited (A renowned knitting factory of Bangladesh) using standard statistical measures in order to customize STARFISH as a real factory case. It was observed that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) is less than 5% for all machine gauges. The findings thus clearly establish a quite advantageous approach for applying such technology for the selection of decision variables.

Abstract: Injection molding is the common process of plastic manufacturing nowadays. However, producing thin injection-molded parts will result in the most major issue in injection molding process; warpage. This research is performed to determine the factors that contribute to warpage for a thin shallow injection-molded part. The process is performed by simulation and experimental method by Taguchi and ANOVA technique are employed. The factors that been taking into considerations includes the mold temperature, melt temperature, filling time, packing pressure and packing time. The result shows that by S/N response and percentage contribution in ANOVA, packing time has been identified tobe the most significant factors on affecting the warpage on thin shallow part.

Abstract: Experimental based analysis has been widely used as a means to find out the response of individual elements of structure. To study these components finite element analyses are now widely used & become the choice of modern engineering tools for the researcher. In the present study, destructive test on simply supported beam was performed in the laboratory & load-deflection data of that under-reinforced concrete beams was recorded. After that finite element analysis was carried out by ANSYS, SAS 2005 by using the same material properties. Finally results from both the computer modeling and experimental data were compared. From this comparison it was found that computer based modeling is can be an excellent alternative of destructive laboratory test with an acceptable variation of results. In addition, an analytical investigation was carried out for a beam with ANSYS, SAS 2005 with different reinforcement ratio (under, balanced, over). The observation was mainly focused on reinforced concrete beam behavior at different points of interest which were then tabulated and compared. From these observation it shows that 1 st cracking location is 0.43L ~ 0.45L from the support. Maximum load carrying capacity at 1 st cracking was observed for over reinforced beam but on the other it was the balanced condition beam at ultimate load. Maximum deflection at failure was also observed for the beam that balanced reinforced.

Abstract: Metallic corrosion of steel can be successfully prevented by using a TiO2based photo-electrochemical system under UV radiations. A TiO2 semiconductor in a scavenging medium (water or formate) generates photocurrent and shifts the potential of steel to morenegative values. This paper describes a cathodic protection system using a TiO 2 photoanode. The system has a potential to be developed for field applications because it is capable of fulfilling the dual functions of both cathodic protection as well as environmental cleaning.

Abstract: The effects of surface roughness on the fatigue life of carbon steel have been investigated. Rotational bending specimens have been machined and tested in fatigue. Specimens with surface roughness changed by emery papers (Grit #600, #400, #100) were prepared. The fatigue experiments were carried out at room temperature, applying a fully reversed cyclic load with the frequency of50Hz, with mean stress equal to zero (R= -1), on a cantilever rotating-bending fatigue testing machine. The stress ratio was kept constant throughout the experiment. Regarding the effect of surface roughness, the number of cycles to failure of finer specimens was a little bigger than those of the courser specimens. Morphological observation on fracture surface of specimens was done using Optical and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The result shows the number of possible fatigue crack initiation sites of courser specimen are higher compare to finer one. In addition, the specimens were broken in transgranular fracture.

Abstract: Adsorption of Cu (II) onto rice husk based activated carbon (RHAC) was investigated inbatch mode with variation in operational parameters such as initial Cu (II) concentration, contact time and adsorbent dosage. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to test the adsorption data. Maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of Cu (II) onto RHAC was 112.43 mg/g at 298 K. The pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order equations were used to study the adsorption kinetic. It was observed that the adsorption of Cu (II) onto RHAC could best be described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order respectively for adsorption equilibrium and kinetic studies.

Abstract: This work examines the geological and geochemical characteristics of soil on Ore deposits on the formation and maturity of (SHDG)  deposits in Itagunmodi,  Osun State, Nigeria. Although, some investigations have been carried out on their geological and  geochemical  characteristics in general, most of the studies are based on limited database. The source and the nature of the gold in the deposits are still not clear. The major objective of this study is to determine the  geochemical  characteristics  of  host  soil.  The  plots  of  major  elements  collected  from  five  different locations in the mining areas named A-E and three locations outside the mining areas  F-H shows that the concentrations  of the element is higher within the mining site than area  outside the mining site.

Abstract: This study attempts to predict post-breakthrough performance in horizontal wellsas a result of water coning. The post breakthrough performance is measuredin terms of the Water Oil Ratio (WOR). Correlations were developed to predict the WOR, time to breakthrough and the critical oil production rate in horizontal wells. The reservoir studied was modelled using a 3Dsimulator (ECLIPSE100). PVT and Relative permeability data from literatures were used in modelling the reservoir. A one well model was simulated by setting up a ‘base case’ scenario of reservoir parameters, the WOR from this base case was observed. Sensitivity analysis was then carried out by varying each of the reservoir parameters and production rate independently. Regression analysis was done to develop correlation between the height above/below the perforations and the WOR. The developed correlations compared favourably well with the existing ones.

Abstract: In this work, the adsorption potential of rice husk based activated carbon (RHAC) toremove Cu (II) from aqueous solution was investigated using fixed-bed adsorption column. The effects of inlet Cu (II) concentration (5-15 mg/l), feed flow rate (10-30 ml/min) and RHAC bed height (30-80 mm) on the breakthrough characteristics of the adsorption system were determined. The highest bed capacity of 34.56 mg/g was obtained using 10 mg/l inlet Cu (II) concentration, 80 mm bed height and 10 ml/min flow rate. The adsorption data were fitted to three well-established fixed-bed adsorption models namely, Adam-Bohart, Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models. The results fitted well to the Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models with correlation coefficient, R 2 =0.96.

Abstract: In this research work, the problem of congestion that leads to dropped calls at GSM cell sites and drastic reduction in network capacity is addressed. We designed a novel GSM base station architecture named Nomadic Base Station (NBS) which isbased on Software Defined Radio (SDR) architecture and simulated the LNA for its receiver front-end. The NBS receiver LNA selects and amplifies GSM signal bursts operating at 900MHz and 1800MHz Radio Frequency Band. The later stages translate the Radio Frequency (RF) signal to Intermediate Frequency (IF) signal. This implements the SDR technology by digitizing the IF signal into bit streams that can be processed on generic Central Processing Unit (CPU) using custom written signal processing software.

Abstract: For Complete feed a diet were formulated mixed roughage and concentrate in one diet. CF in the study utilizes the agricultural land and crop estate by products. The aims of the study to determine the effect of the CF diets on the performance, to determine the efficiency of the diet use economic evaluation. 20 Simmental crossbreed young bulls (initial body weight = 375,10 ± 24,05) were housed in separate pens with space 2 m 2 . The completely random design (CRD) was used in the study. Complete feed were formulated in five treatments, T0 (control) 9.78%CP, 60%TDN; T 1(11%CP, 60%TDN); T 2 (12%CP, 63%TDN); T3(13%CP, 60%TDN); T4(14%CP, 60%TDN). Dry matter (DM), Organic matter (OM), Crude protein (CP), Total Digestible Nutrient (TDN) intake and digestibility to examine effects of complete feed on rumen degradability. Average daily gain (ADG) were used to examine the effect of complete feed on performance of bulls. Urea and glucose bloods were used to determine on hematologist. The statistical analysis indicated that DM, OM, CP, and TDN intakes and were not significant (P>0.05). Average daily gain of bulls fed by T2(1.54) was the highest (P<0.05). FCR of T2(7.33) was the lowest than that in other treatments. The income of the bulls fed by T2assumed others factors constant was IDR 16,629.74. Implementation of complete feed (CP 12%, TDN 63%) could increase the performance of cattle.

Abstract: In this paper is analysed industrial robot application in the World by the continents: America, Europe, Asia-Australia and Africa. Comparative analysis and the cross section of industrial robot application in manufacturing processes in European and Asian countries were performed. Given analysis for these two continents was performed only for the developed countries of these continents. For Europe, analysis of industrial robot application was performed only for Germany and France, while for Asia analysis was performed for Japan and the Republic of Chorea. Estimation of the total and the annual industrial robot application is also presented in this analysis. Planned industrial robot application in the next two years is also given. Based on analysis it can be concluded why large discrepancies of industrial robot application in Europe and Asia exist.

Abstract: A Comparison between dynamics of Liquid Nitrogen and Water plasma is under taken. A Q-switched Nd: YAG laser (1064 nm, 9-14ns and 1.1 MW) is focused on the Liquid-Nitrogen-jet in air to generate plasma. The images captured by CCD based computer controlled image capturing system are analyzed by obtaining contours, intensity profiles etc. Intensity profiles show that the average intensity is same for both targets, where as intensity for Liquid Nitrogen plasma is little higher than Water plasma in central region. The central region of Liquid Nitrogen plasma is larger as compared to other (intermediate & outer) regions whereas in case of Water plasma all three regions (central, intermediate & outer) have comparable intensity ratio. In Liquid Nitrogen plasma intensity decreases abruptly from central to intermediate region, whereas in case of Water plasma intensity decreases gradually through different regions.

Abstract: Investigation on Intermetallic Nickel Aluminides (Ni3Al) was carried to determine the suitability of this material to replace the existing automotive body. The purpose is to produce vehicles which are lighter, more fuel efficient and cause less pollution. One key technical design strategy for improving vehicles efficiency is the light weighting. Attractive properties of Ni3Al including low density (~ 6g/cm 3 ) resulting lightweight, high oxidation and corrosion resistance, combined with their ability to retain strength and stiffness at elevated temperatures lead to its selection as a candidate alternative material. The prime focus will be on to obtain the mechanical properties such as hardness which was tested using Vickers Micro hardness Tester. XRD was used to determine the crystal structure of the designed alloy. Microstructural properties of these alloys were examined using optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SEM equipped with EDX used to do compositional analysis. Heat treatment (annealing) and Tafel extrapolation tests were carried out for thermal and corrosion properties of the intermetallic nickel aluminides respectively.

Abstract: This study investigates the optimal conditions for preparation of corn cob based activated carbon (CCAC) for the removal of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) reactive dye from aqueous solution. The CCAC was prepared by using physiochemical activation method which consisted of sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and CO 2 gasification. Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the effects of the three preparation variables; activation temperature, activation time and Na2CO3 impregnation ratio (IR) on RBBR percentage removal and CCAC yield. Based onthe CCD a quadratic model and a two-factor interaction (2FI) model were respectively developed for RBBR percentage removal and CCAC yield. The significant factors on each experimental design response were identified from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum conditions for CCAC preparation were obtained by using activation temperature of 757.45°C, activation time of 3h and IR of 2.55 which resulted in 25.18%of RBBR removal and 79.04% of CCAC yield.

Abstract: Aircraft recovery is possible using an inflatable wing canopy with steel cable or fiber suspension lines. These lines are attached to reels at the aircraft that not only provide stowage for the lines but braking during deployment to prevent high snatch forces. They can vary the inflated wings angle attack thereby controlling range and flared landing maneuver. The inflated pressurized wing can carrya larger load than flexible gliding parachutes. A combined aerodynamic-structural analysis is madewhich is based on the assumption that the sail is flexible and has freedom to make the shape which the aerodynamic pressure and the internal stresses dictate. Analytical results are obtained for Newtonian impact aerodynamic theory and are compared with results obtained for a rigid idealization of the paraglider wing. The calculations provide a basis for design of paragliders for hypersonic flight.

Abstract: This study investigates the optimal conditions for preparation of rubber seed coat based activated carbon (RSCAC) for removal of malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution. The RSCAC was prepared using physiochemical activation method which consisted of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treatment and carbon dioxide (CO2) gasification. Central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the effects of the three preparation variables; activation temperature, activation time and NaOH impregnation ratio (IR) on MGpercentage removal and RSCAC yield. Based on the CCD, two quadratic models were developed for MG percentage removal and RSCAC yield. The significant factors on each experimental design response were identified from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimum conditions for RSCAC preparation were obtained by using activation temperature of 850 o C, activation time of 2.2 h and IR of 2.4, which resulted in 70.91% of MG removal and 18.63% of RSCAC yield.

Abstract: The causes of package to package and within a package shade variation problem of double ply cotton yarn dyeing in cone form has been investigated during November 2006 to August 2009 in a well equipped modern yarn dyeing factory. It has been found that the main causes of unlevel dyeing in different position of a dyed cone and in the cones themselves are the package to package and with in package density variation and disturbance of dyeing liquor flow at different stage of dyeing process. A method termed as ‘reverse tension mechanism’ has used to maintain even density within each single package and also at packages. Effective factors and techniques are suggested to maintain uniform flow of liquor. Beside these two main causes, improper loading , dyeing conditions (such as salt dissolving, soda dosing, color filtration), fixing and finishing process and final drying have been found as some other key factors for level dyeing. This paper is to discuss and give fruitful suggestions on these controlling features for ensuring level dyeing.