Title: Assessing the Durability of Lateritic Based Earthen Mortars/plasters Treated with Meta-Kaolin, Lime and Cement

Abstract:-- Traditionally, Lime-Meta-kaolin (MK) admixtures have been applied in the past as mortars, plasters, and sealers and studies indicate that they exhibit good strength and resistance properties. Laterised mortars and plasters like most earthen materials are held as economical options for low-cost housing and historical architecture. However, the durability of lateritic mortars and plasters has been of great concern to the scholars. This work aimed at assessing the durability of lateritic mortars by treating it with pozzolans such as Meta- Kaolin, lime, and cement, which have shown in partiality or collectively to exhibit good strength and resistance properties. This was done in an attempt to exploit the full potential of laterite as a low-cost building material in earthen structures. To this end, experimental setups were established which involved investigating the effect of Meta-kaolin on Lime-treated Laterite, the unconfined compressive strength (UCS), the effect of drying and wetting cycles, the influence of water content and frost resistance. The results show that meta-kaolin greatly influences the chemical properties of lime-treated lateritic soils such as pH and calcium ions consumptions, and the amount of water present in a mortar significantly affects the strength and consequently the long-term water retention behavior. Moreover, the mortar exhibited good resistance to drying and wetting cycles, especially when sand was added to the mortar. Further, the mortar showed reasonable frost resistance under repeated freeze and thaw cycles, especially for an earthen mortar.

Title: Fulfillment of National Road Functions in Ambon City in Realizing Good Safety Road Functions

Abstract:-- One of the objectives of implementing compliance with road function tests is to provide safety for road users. Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 38 of 2004 and Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia No. 34 of 2006, stating that the operation of public roads must meet the requirements of functional worthiness. In addition, in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 22 of 2009 states that the Road Operator in this case the Government must maintain the Security, Safety, Order and Smoothness of Road Traffic and Transportation. this study aims to analyze and evaluate the fulfillment of recommendations for road function tests from the assessment of technical requirements on the national road section in Ambon city. This research was conducted with an evaluation mechanism, Observation and Interview to fulfill the Recommendation for Road Function Fit Test based on PU Permen No. 11 / PRT / M / 2010, where this study aims to evaluate the preparation of the ULFJ Team's Recommendation program and Observation of its fulfillment. Based on the results of the research on the fulfillment of the recommendations of the road test feasibility team technically that the fulfillment of the ULFJ Team recommendations must be carried out in 2014-2017, the fulfillment carried out by the road operators has not gone well so that the Laksdya leo wattimena (Passo - Durian Patah), Y. Syaranamual (Durian Patah - Laha) and Ir. M. Putuhena (Durian Broken - Laha) is still categorized as Fit for Conditional Functions (LS) so that the status of the three road segments cannot be improved from a conditional function (LS) to a function-worthy (L), in realizing safety