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Author(s): Eham S. Ajlouni, Kholoud S. O. Al-Ajlouni
Pages: 1-9 Paper ID:150404-7272-IJCEE-IJENS Published: August, 2015
Abstract:Water share in Jerash governorate is only 71 litres per capita per day, which is the lowest is Jordan. In general, the volume of greywater accounts between 50% and 80% of domestic household water uses. So, the aim of work was to determine the percentage of greywater reuse; to identify types of greywater reused; and to find the relationship of greywater reuse with socio-economic variables of heads of families. Survey research was applied, and interviewer-administered questionnaires were used. It was found that Percent of greywater reuse was less than half of the sample population; in which laundry wastewater was reused in the first place followed by wastewater from kitchen, mainly for flushing toilet. Statistical analysis showed high significant relationship between monthly income of the family and reusing all types of greywater; laundry wastewater reuse has significant relationship with gender; dishwashing wastewater reuse has significant relationship with age, while bath wastewater reuse has significant relationship with age, and education of husbands.
Keywords: Greywater, Jerash governorate, Jordan, laundry wastewater, socio-economic.
Full Text (.pdf)  International Journals Of Engineering and Science | 387 KB
Author(s): Rivadávia Tavares Martins Filhoa, Haroldo C. B Paula, Regina C. M. Paulab, Ronaldo F Nascimento, Ari Clecius Alves de Lima, Diego de Quadros Melo
Pages: 10-22 Paper ID:153204-9191-IJCEE-IJENS Published: August, 2015
Abstract:A full and detailed study was conducted with different parts of Brazilian water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), in order to investigate plant physicochemical properties and adsorption mechanism of a model dye (methylene blue) in aqueous solution. Different plant parts were evaluated by infrared spectroscopy and thermal analysis techniques. Several adsorption experimental parameters were analyzed such as contact time, effect of adsorbent dose, dye initial concentration, pH and temperature effect. The adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics were also investigated. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and B.E.T. isotherms were used to determine parameters such as the maximum adsorption capacity (qmáx), using linear and non-linear models, whereby it was found that there is great discrepancy between qmáx values obtained by linear and non linear isotherms of aforementioned models, which seems to point out to the inadequacy of these linear models for MB adsorption on WH plant parts. Thermodynamic data revealed that MB adsorption is exothermic and thermodynamically favored, being ruled by physical connections, likely involving weak Van der Waals forces.
Keywords: Adsorption; Water hyacinth; Dyes; Isotherms; nonlinear model.
Full Text (.pdf)  International Journals Of Engineering and Science | 799 KB